# Agricultural Risk Review Act of 2025

This bill creates a new requirement for the government to regularly review and report on risks that international trade and foreign policies pose to American agriculture. Essentially, Congress wants to make sure that when the U.S. makes trade deals or takes actions affecting other countries, someone is paying attention to how those decisions might hurt American farmers and agricultural businesses.

Here's what this means in practice: The bill likely requires the U.S. Department of Agriculture or another relevant agency to analyze potential threats to farming—things like trade wars that could close foreign markets to American crops, tariffs that make it harder to export goods, or trade agreements that might disadvantage U.S. farmers compared to competitors. The agency would then report back to Congress regularly about these risks so lawmakers can make informed decisions about trade policy. For example, if a trade dispute with another country could devastate corn or soybean exports, this report would flag that concern before it becomes a crisis.

The bill affects farmers, agricultural exporters, and anyone in rural communities that depend on farming income. It could also influence how the government negotiates trade deals—potentially making them more cautious about policies that might harm agriculture. While the bill doesn't directly change any trade rules or guarantee protection for farmers, it's designed to ensure agricultural concerns get serious consideration when the government is making big decisions about international commerce. This is particularly important since American agriculture relies heavily on exports, making farmers vulnerable to international trade disputes.

Agricultural Risk Review Act of 2025

Lucas, Frank D.

Agricultural Risk Review Act of 2025This bill makes changes to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), including by requiring CFIUS to determine whether a national security review is necessary for reportable agricultural land transactions that are referred by the Department of Agriculture (USDA). (CFIUS oversees the national security risks of certain foreign investment in the United States. CFIUS has the authority to review covered transactions, which include&nbsp;mergers, acquisitions, and takeovers that could result in foreign control of a U.S. business; certain investments in businesses involved in critical technologies, critical infrastructure, or sensitive personal data; and certain real estate transactions.)Specifically, the bill directs CFIUS to, after receiving notification from USDA, determine (1) whether a reportable agricultural land transaction is a covered transaction, and (2) whether CFIUS should initiate a national security review or take another action with respect to the transaction.&nbsp;Reportable agricultural land transaction means a transaction (1) that USDA has reason to believe&nbsp;is a covered transaction, based on information from or in cooperation with&nbsp;the intelligence community; (2) that involves the acquisition of an interest in agricultural land by a foreign person of China, North Korea, Russia, or Iran; and (3) with respect to which a foreign person is required to submit a report to USDA regarding their agricultural land transactions.The bill also expands CFIUS to include the Secretary of Agriculture for covered transactions that involve agricultural land, agricultural biotechnology, or the agriculture industry (e.g., agricultural transportation, storage, and processing).