# Plain Language Summary: Patient Fairness Act of 2025

This bill makes major changes to Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), which are special savings accounts that let people set aside money tax-free to pay for medical expenses. Right now, HSAs have strict eligibility rules—you can only contribute to one if you have a high-deductible health insurance plan. This bill removes that requirement, allowing anyone to contribute to an HSA regardless of what type of health insurance they have, or even if they have no insurance at all.

The bill also significantly increases how much money people can contribute to these accounts each year. Currently, individuals can contribute around $4,000 annually, but this bill raises that to $8,000 for individuals and $16,000 for married couples filing jointly. Families get an additional $3,000 per dependent, meaning a family of four could potentially contribute $22,000 per year. People age 55 and older get an extra $3,000 boost to help them save more for retirement healthcare costs. These higher limits would take effect starting in 2026.

The bill also makes it easier for families to inherit and use HSA funds. When someone with an HSA passes away, their relatives can now transfer the remaining money into their own HSAs within 60 days without facing tax penalties. Additionally, the bill codifies hospital price transparency rules, meaning hospitals must continue making their pricing information publicly available so patients can compare costs before getting care.

Overall, this bill is designed to make health savings accounts more accessible and flexible for everyday Americans, allowing more people to save money tax-free for medical expenses and giving families larger accounts to build up healthcare savings over time.