The Rural Partnership and Prosperity Act creates two new grant programs to help rural communities develop economically. The first program gives grants to partnerships of local organizations, nonprofits, businesses, colleges, and tribal governments to coordinate rural development projects. These grants last 2 to 5 years and can be used for planning, attracting private investment, creating jobs, recovering from disasters, and other development activities. Groups applying for these grants need to contribute at least 25% of the funding themselves, though the Secretary can waive this requirement for very poor areas or tribal communities. The second program provides grants to nonprofit organizations and colleges that specialize in rural development to offer technical assistance—helping rural communities write grant applications, develop financial systems, plan infrastructure projects, and build public-private partnerships. These technical assistance grants require 30% local matching funds but can also be waived for areas with demonstrated need. The bill also reorganizes an existing federal Rural Partners Network to include more agencies like the FDIC and Social Security Administration, making it easier for rural communities to access multiple federal programs and reducing paperwork burdens. Overall, the act aims to coordinate federal resources more effectively and help rural areas that have experienced job losses, population decline, or economic hardship.