This bill strengthens and updates the Chesapeake Bay Office within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), making it the primary federal representative for the Chesapeake Bay region. The bill gives the office's Director more authority and clearer responsibilities to coordinate research, monitoring, and restoration efforts across the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

The bill establishes three main programs: First, an education and training program that teaches students and teachers about the bay's ecosystem and provides career pathways for young people interested in environmental work. Second, a coastal living resources program focused on protecting and restoring important species like oysters, blue crabs, fish, and underwater vegetation. Third, an integrated monitoring system that collects real-time data on water quality, weather, and habitat conditions to help scientists and policymakers make better decisions.

The bill also creates the Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail with real-time data stations (buoys) that provide information to visitors and educators. Throughout all these efforts, the Chesapeake Bay Office must work closely with state agencies, universities, environmental groups, and other partners to ensure activities align with the Chesapeake Bay Agreement—the regional commitment to restore and protect the bay. The office must report to Congress every two years on its progress.