This bill gives the President power to punish foreign individuals and organizations that interfere with Lebanon's elections, particularly those who try to stop Lebanese citizens living abroad from voting. The bill recognizes that millions of Lebanese diaspora members have the right to participate in their country's elections under Lebanese law, but that various groups—including Hezbollah, corrupt politicians, and foreign actors—have historically blocked or intimidated these voters. The President can impose sanctions like freezing bank accounts in the U.S., banning people from entering the country, revoking visas, and taking other economic measures against anyone who obstructs Lebanon's elections or prevents diaspora voting. The bill specifically mentions concerns about the May 2026 Lebanese parliamentary elections and Iran-backed interference. The President must report to Congress within 60 days identifying who is blocking diaspora voting, then provide updates every six months. The sanctions authority lasts for 5 years from when the law takes effect.