The IRAN Act (Internet Reach and Access Now Act) is designed to help people in Iran access the internet freely and securely, even when their government tries to shut down or block connectivity. The bill recognizes that Iran's government frequently disrupts internet access to prevent people from communicating during emergencies and exercising their rights. The act focuses on promoting technologies like satellite-based communications, direct-to-cell (DTC) services, VPNs, and eSIM technology that allow Iranians to bypass government censorship and surveillance. A major concern addressed in the bill is that current U.S. sanctions and export controls sometimes accidentally prevent Iranian civilians from getting these tools, so the act requires the government to make sure sanctions don't unintentionally block access to freedom-enhancing technology. The Secretary of State becomes the lead official coordinating all U.S. efforts to promote internet freedom in Iran, working with the Treasury and Commerce departments to balance national security with helping ordinary Iranians stay connected. The bill also funds cybersecurity training and digital safety tools for journalists, human rights defenders, and activists in Iran, teaching them how to protect themselves from government surveillance and phishing attacks. Additionally, the bill prevents U.S. satellite and direct-to-cell companies from intentionally blocking their services over Iran, except when required by law or to prevent network security threats. The U.S. will also oppose international efforts to exclude Iran from satellite coverage.