This bill creates a formal partnership between the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) to work together on research projects that benefit both national security and agriculture. The two departments will collaborate on topics like making farms more resilient to disasters, protecting food supplies from disruption, developing new agricultural technologies, managing water and soil resources, and addressing security threats to farming. The bill requires the departments to create an agreement that sets up a competitive process for awarding research grants to universities, private companies, national laboratories, and other organizations. These grants will require matching funds from non-government sources. The research will focus on practical technologies that need government investment to get started but could eventually be adopted by private industry and farmers. The bill includes strong protections for research security and requires the departments to share information with relevant agencies and partners while keeping sensitive data protected from public disclosure. The departments can use existing funding sources to support this work and must report annually to Congress on their progress, achievements, and spending.