This bill expands and strengthens the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program (GusNIP), which helps low-income people buy fresh fruits and vegetables. The program works by giving people extra money to spend on produce when they use SNAP benefits (food stamps) at farmers markets and grocery stores.

The bill makes three main changes. First, it makes it easier for programs in very poor areas to get federal funding by allowing the government to cover more than 50% of costs in counties or neighborhoods where at least 20% of people live in poverty. Second, it creates new "produce prescription" programs where doctors can recommend fresh produce to patients as part of their medical care, with grants ranging from $100,000 to $2.5 million depending on the program size. Third, it provides significantly more money for these programs—about $57.5 million per year from 2027 through 2031, and $56 million per year after that.

The bill also sets up longer-term partnerships between states and local organizations to expand these incentive programs statewide, requiring at least 4-year agreements. A key requirement is that at least 90% of the money must actually go toward buying produce. The bill asks the government to study how health insurance companies could eventually pay for produce prescriptions instead of the agriculture department, with a plan due within 10 years.