The Clinical Trial Modernization Act aims to make it easier for people from underrepresented communities to participate in clinical trials for new drugs and medical devices. Right now, many clinical trials don't include diverse populations, which means new medicines may not work the same way for everyone. This bill tackles that problem in several ways. First, it provides grants to organizations that work in communities—like rural areas, tribal lands, and minority neighborhoods—to educate people about clinical trials and recruit participants. It also trains more healthcare workers from underrepresented groups to become clinical trial investigators. Second, the bill removes financial barriers to participation by allowing drug and device manufacturers to pay for trial participants' travel, meals, and transportation costs, as well as provide free digital health tools needed for participation. Third, it lets manufacturers cover patients' insurance cost-sharing (copays and deductibles) during trials, as long as they follow strict rules to prevent abuse. Finally, the bill gives participants a tax break—up to $2,000 per year in clinical trial payments is excluded from taxable income. These changes are designed to make clinical trials more accessible and inclusive, ensuring that new treatments are tested on people who reflect the diversity of the actual population that will eventually use them.