This bill would ban federal funding for animal research that involves using drugs, hormones, surgery, or other treatments to alter an animal's body so it no longer matches its biological sex. The ban would apply to most vertebrate animals—including mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians—but would have exceptions for animals that naturally change sex during their lifetime or have both male and female reproductive organs.

In practical terms, this means that research institutions receiving federal money (like universities and government labs) would be prohibited from conducting or supporting studies involving sex-altering interventions on animals. Any researcher who wanted to pursue this type of work would need to find non-federal funding sources. The bill covers a broad range of interventions, including those that disrupt an animal's natural development, inhibit its body functions, or change its physical appearance for the purpose of sex alteration.

The main impact would be on the scientific research community, particularly those studying sex development, hormone treatments, and related biological processes. Institutions that rely on federal grants would need to ensure their animal research programs comply with this restriction or face losing federal funding.